Population and Settlement 50 important questions and answers
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50 Most Important Questions and Answers Population and Settlement Geography
This questions are very important for all competitive exam preparation - Rail, WBP, JAIL POLICE, SI food, bank, PSC, UPSC , nta NET JRF SET exam,
Q ➤ 1. Q: What is population geography?Ans ➤ A: Population geography is the study of the distribution, density, and characteristics of human populations on Earth.
Q ➤ 2. Q: What is the demographic transition model?Ans ➤ A: The demographic transition model is a theory that describes the stages of population growth and decline based on birth and death rates.
Q ➤ 3. Q: Define population density.Ans ➤ A: Population density refers to the number of people living per unit area of land.
Q ➤ 4. Q: What factors influence population distribution?Ans ➤ A: Factors like climate, topography, resources, and economic opportunities influence population distribution.
Q ➤ 5. Q: Explain the concept of carrying capacity.Ans ➤ A: Carrying capacity is the maximum number of people an area can support sustainably given its resources and technology.
Q ➤ 6. Q: What is the difference between rural and urban settlements?Ans ➤ A: Rural settlements are sparsely populated areas, while urban settlements are densely populated areas with higher infrastructure.
Q ➤ 7. Q: What are primate cities?Ans ➤ A: Primate cities are disproportionately large urban centers that dominate a country's economic, political, and cultural activities.
Q ➤ 8. Q: Describe the push-pull factors in migration.Ans ➤ A: Push factors encourage people to leave an area, while pull factors attract them to a new location.
Q ➤ 9. Q: What is the gravity model of migration?Ans ➤ A: The gravity model predicts that larger cities will have a greater pull on migrants from surrounding areas.
Q ➤ 10. Q: Explain the concept of urban sprawl.Ans ➤ A: Urban sprawl refers to the uncontrolled expansion of cities into surrounding rural areas.
Q ➤ 11. Q: What is gentrification?Ans ➤ A: Gentrification is the process of urban renewal involving wealthier individuals moving into deteriorating neighborhoods, often leading to displacement of original residents.
Q ➤ 12. Q: Define overpopulation.Ans ➤ A: Overpopulation occurs when the number of people exceeds the carrying capacity of a region.
Q ➤ 13. Q: What is the significance of the Green Revolution in population geography?Ans ➤ A: The Green Revolution increased agricultural productivity, helping to feed a growing global population.
Q ➤ 14. Q: Explain the concept of urbanization.Ans ➤ A: Urbanization refers to the increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas.
Q ➤ 15. Q: What are megacities?Ans ➤ A: Megacities are cities with populations exceeding 10 million residents.
Q ➤ 16. Q: Define brain drain.Ans ➤ A: Brain drain refers to the emigration of highly skilled and educated individuals from one country to another.
Q ➤ 17. Q: What is the role of infrastructure in settlement patterns?Ans ➤ A: Adequate infrastructure can lead to the development of settlements by attracting businesses, residents, and investments.
Q ➤ 18. Q: Explain the concept of counter-urbanization.Ans ➤ A: Counter-urbanization is the movement of people from urban areas to rural areas, often seeking a better quality of life.
Q ➤ 19. Q: What is the difference between voluntary and forced migration?Ans ➤ A: Voluntary migration is based on personal choice, while forced migration involves displacement due to conflicts or environmental factors.
Q ➤ 20. Q: Describe the core-periphery model.Ans ➤ A: The core-periphery model illustrates how developed core regions benefit at the expense of less developed peripheral regions.
Q ➤ 21. Q: What is a population pyramid?Ans ➤ A: A population pyramid is a graphical representation of a population's age and gender structure.
Q ➤ 22. Q: Explain the concept of remittances.Ans ➤ A: Remittances are money sent by migrants back to their home countries, often to support their families.
Q ➤ 23. Q: How do fertility rates affect population growth?Ans ➤ A: Higher fertility rates lead to rapid population growth, while lower rates contribute to slower growth.
Q ➤ 24. Q: What is the dependency ratio?Ans ➤ A: The dependency ratio measures the proportion of dependent (young and elderly) population to the working-age population.
Q ➤ 25. Q: Define urban agglomeration.Ans ➤ A: Urban agglomeration refers to the contiguous urban area formed by the expansion of multiple cities.
Q ➤ 26. Q: What is the concept of population pyramids in demographic analysis?Ans ➤ A: Population pyramids visually depict the age and sex distribution of a population, providing insights into its structure and trends.
Q ➤ 27. Q: Explain the concept of migration streams.Ans ➤ A: Migration streams are the patterns or routes along which people move from one place to another, often influenced by push and pull factors.
Q ➤ 28. Q: What is the significance of the "One Child Policy" in China's population history?Ans ➤ A: The "One Child Policy" aimed to control China's population growth by limiting families to having only one child, which had profound demographic and social impacts.
Q ➤ 29. Q: Define rural-urban migration.Ans ➤ A: Rural-urban migration is the movement of people from rural areas to urban centers in search of better opportunities and improved living conditions.
Q ➤ 30. Q: How does the concept of urban heat island effect relate to settlement geography?Ans ➤ A: Urban heat island effect refers to higher temperatures in urban areas due to human activities. It's a key consideration in understanding urban settlement patterns.
Q ➤ 31. Q: What are the stages of the demographic transition model? Provide a brief explanation of each.Ans ➤ A: The stages are: 1. High Stationary (high birth and death rates), 2. Early Expanding (high birth rate, declining death rate), 3. Late Expanding (declining birth rate, low death rate), and 4. Low Stationary (low birth and death rates).
Q ➤ 32. Q: Explain the concept of ethnic enclaves.Ans ➤ A: Ethnic enclaves are neighborhoods or areas where specific ethnic or cultural groups cluster together, often preserving their unique traditions and identities.
Q ➤ 33. Q: How does the human development index (HDI) help in analyzing settlement patterns?Ans ➤ A: HDI is a composite index that considers factors like life expectancy, education, and per capita income. It helps assess the overall development and quality of life in different settlements.
Q ➤ 34. Q: What is the significance of the "White Flight" phenomenon in urban geography?Ans ➤ A: "White Flight" refers to the migration of white residents from urban areas to suburban regions, often contributing to urban decline and racial segregation.
Q ➤ 35. Q: Describe the concept of sustainable urban development.Ans ➤ A: Sustainable urban development focuses on creating cities that are economically viable, socially equitable, and environmentally responsible.
Q ➤ 36. Q: What is urban decay, and what are its causes?Ans ➤ A: Urban decay refers to the deterioration of the physical, social, and economic aspects of an urban area. Causes include deindustrialization, lack of investment, and population decline.
Q ➤ 37. Q: How does population momentum contribute to continued population growth even after fertility rates decline?Ans ➤ A: Population momentum occurs because a significant proportion of the population is in the childbearing age range, leading to continued growth despite declining fertility rates.
Q ➤ 38. Q: Explain the concept of a megalopolis.Ans ➤ A: A megalopolis is a vast, continuous urban area formed by the convergence of multiple metropolitan areas.
Q ➤ 39. Q: How does the concept of push-pull factors apply to rural-to-urban migration?Ans ➤ A: Push factors in rural areas, such as lack of opportunities, push individuals to migrate to urban areas with pull factors like better jobs and services.
Q ➤ 40. Q: Define the term "informal settlements."Ans ➤ A: Informal settlements are makeshift, unplanned settlements typically lacking proper infrastructure and services, often found in urban peripheries.
Q ➤ 41. Q: What is the demographic dividend?Ans ➤ A: The demographic dividend refers to the period when a country's working-age population is larger than the dependent population, leading to economic growth if properly harnessed.
Q ➤ 42. Q: Describe the concept of urban renewal.Ans ➤ A: Urban renewal involves revitalizing and redeveloping older, decaying urban areas to improve their physical, social, and economic conditions.
Q ➤ 43. Q: What is the role of urban planning in shaping settlement patterns?Ans ➤ A: Urban planning helps manage land use, infrastructure, and resources to create sustainable and efficient urban settlements.
Q ➤ 44. Q: Explain the concept of counter-urbanization and give an example.Ans ➤ A: Counter-urbanization is the movement of people from urban to rural areas. An example is people moving from cities to remote areas for a simpler lifestyle.
Q ➤ 45. Q: What is the significance of the "Rust Belt" in the context of settlement geography?Ans ➤ A: The "Rust Belt" refers to the decline of manufacturing and industrial cities in the northeastern United States. It showcases the impact of economic shifts on settlement patterns.
Q ➤ 46. Q: Define urban gentrification and its impacts.Ans ➤ A: Urban gentrification involves the influx of wealthier residents into lower-income neighborhoods, leading to rising property values, cultural changes, and potential displacement of original residents.
Q ➤ 47. Q: How do migration patterns impact population structure and composition?Ans ➤ A: Migration patterns influence the age, sex, and cultural makeup of populations in both origin and destination areas.
Q ➤ 48. Q: Explain the concept of primate cities and their characteristics.Ans ➤ A: Primate cities are disproportionately larger than other cities in a country and hold economic, political, and cultural significance. Examples include Paris and Bangkok.
Q ➤ 49. Q: What is the role of technology in altering settlement patterns?Ans ➤ A: Technology can enable telecommuting, remote work, and digital connectivity, leading to changes in urbanization and suburbanization trends.
Q ➤ 50. Q: Describe the factors that contribute to the rapid growth of slums in developing countries.Ans ➤ A: Factors include rural-to-urban migration, lack of affordable housing, inadequate infrastructure, and limited access to services and formal employment opportunities.
